Hawking's Radiation and The Black Hole Information Paradox
Information of an object in physics is its quantum composition, its mass, spin, position, waves. And the very basics of physics tells us that this information, like energy, can never be destroyed, it can change its form, but it never dies. This is where the black hole information paradox comes in.
When anything falls into a black hole, it gets compressed and stored inside it in the singularity. So common sense says that if we could de-compress or expand the singularity, we would get all the information back. This is what everyone believed until 1975 when the great Stephen Hawking said that black holes can die too. They slowly release particles and evaporate, something called the Hawking Radiation.
Where does our information go when black holes die? There are many theories. It could leak with the hawking radiation, it could be released back altogether when the black hole dies, maybe that is what the big bang was, or it could actually be destroyed which means we'd have to rewrite every single law of physics and science would never be the same.
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